WEBVTT

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Before we go, 
節目結束之前，

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we have to tell you about a new NASA project that will literally change the way we see the universe. 
我們必須告訴各位一項美國航太總署的新計畫，這項計畫確確實實將會改變我們看待宇宙的方式。

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The James Webb telescope could unlock big mysteries, but it was almost blinded by a budget battle.
詹姆斯‧韋柏望遠鏡可能解開重大謎團，卻差點被一場預算大戰擋下。

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John Zarrella joins us from CNN Miami. He's been keeping a close watch on this story.
約翰‧札瑞拉在CNN邁阿密分部與我們連線。他一直密切觀察這起事件。

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It's very expensive to look into space, John.
約翰，觀察太空真是花錢啊。

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Yeah, it really is, Manisha. You know, you can consider Webb really sort of the younger, smarter brother to the Hubble Space Telescope. 
沒錯，瑪尼夏，的確如此。你可以把韋柏視為哈伯太空望遠鏡的一個比較聰明的小弟。

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But it's been a problem child, fraught with cost overruns and schedule delays.
不過，這個小弟是個問題兒童，充滿了成本超支與時程延宕的問題。

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This is the future outside the Maryland Science Center. 
位在馬里蘭科學中心外面，這是太空觀測的未來。

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It's a full-scale model of NASA's James Webb Space Telescope. 
這是美國太空總署詹姆斯‧韋柏太空望遠鏡的全尺寸模型。

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Scientists believe the real thing will redefine our understanding of our place in the universe. 
科學家認為這具望遠鏡的實體將會改寫我們對人類在宇宙中地位的理解。

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It will be so unique it can look further back in time than the Hubble telescope, almost to the dawn of creation.
這具望遠鏡非常獨特，能夠望見比哈伯望遠鏡更遙遠的過去，幾乎可達創世之初。

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The James Webb telescope is to help us find our entire history 
詹姆斯‧韋柏望遠鏡的目的是協助我們了解我們的整個歷史，

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from the first things after the Big Bang to how the first galaxies are born.
從大霹靂之後最早發生的事物乃至最早的銀河如何誕生。

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And, astronomers say, if they look in just the right place and get just a bit lucky...
天文學家還說，如果他們觀察的地點正確，同時運氣再好一點的話……

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This may give us our first clues about the existence of life in another solar system.
這也許可以提供我們其他太陽系裡是否有生命存在的初步線索。

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If we could see a planet like Earth with an ocean, I think that would be really cool.
我們如果可以看到像地球這樣有海洋的行星，我覺得一定會很酷。

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Webb will orbit about one million miles from Earth. 
韋柏將會在距離地球約一百萬英里處繞著軌道運行，

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Its instruments are designed to image primarily in the infrared range, light we can't see. 
其設備處理的影像主要在紅外線波長範圍以內，也就是肉眼看不見的光線。

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Webb's capabilities will allow it to literally look where Hubble could not -- into gas and dust clouds, at the birth of the first stars and planets.
韋柏的功能將可看見哈伯望遠鏡看不到的地方——深入氣體與塵埃雲裡，觀察最早的恆星與行星的誕生。

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Sounds incredible, right? Webb might get us another step closer to solving the puzzle: Are we alone?
聽起來很不可思議，對不對？韋柏也許能夠讓我們向前邁進一步，更接近於解開這個謎題：我們是宇宙中唯一的生命嗎？

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I don't even know how you would put a price on being able to answer questions like, 
如果可以回答這些問題，我不曉得要如何定價。像是：

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how old is the universe, how did this all start? Where's it going? What is it made of? 
宇宙的歷史有多長？這一切是怎麼開始的？這個宇宙要往哪裡去？是由什麼構成的？

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Are there other people out there like us? These questions are just so intrinsic.
有沒有其他像我們一樣的人？這些都是極為基本的問題。

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But there is a price tag. When Webb is finally launched in 2018, 
不過，實際上還是有個價位。等到韋柏終於在二○一八年開始運作的時候，

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it will be years behind schedule and cost about $8.8 billion, six and a half billion more than the original estimate. 
那已經比預計時程延後了許多年，成本也將達到約八十八億美元，比原本的估計多出六十五億。

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At one point, Congress came close to killing it.
國會一度差點撤銷了這項計畫。

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So what happened? How did it end up astronomy at an astronomical cost?
到底發生了什麼事？天文學為什麼會搞到必須付出天文數字的代價？

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When you're doing inventions and things for the first time, you don't know exactly what you're gonna run into. 
你從事發明或是初次嘗試一件事物的時候，沒有辦法確切知道自己會碰到什麼樣的狀況。

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And we found several things that we had to work around.
我們發現了數個必須設法克服的問題。

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And it better work from the get-go.
而且韋柏最好一開始就運作正常。

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When Hubble ran into problems, space shuttle astronauts came to the rescue. But Hubble was only 300 miles up. 
當初哈伯出問題的時候，搭乘太空梭的太空人隨即前往救援。不過，哈伯只位於地球上空三百英里。

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At one million miles away, even if the shuttle was still flying, it couldn't get there to fix Webb.
韋柏位在一百萬英里遠，就算太空梭還在服役，也無法飛到那裡去維修。