WEBVTT

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I would get comments like, you're a slut, you're fat, you're a whore, you're disgusting.
我會聽到的批評像是：你是一個蕩婦，你真胖，你是一個妓女，你好噁心。

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Bridget is a junior at the Wheatley School on Long Island, New York. 
布麗姬是紐約長島威特利中學低年級的學生，

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It's ranked as one of the top high schools in the entire nation, where everyone graduates and 99 percent of kids go on to college. 
這所學校在全美中學中排行數一數二，全體學生都會畢業，其中百分之九十九的孩子會上大學。

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But like most schools, it has a bullying problem.
但和多數的學校一樣，這裡也有霸凌的問題。

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[They] physically abused me, mentally abused me, emotionally abused me. And I will admit it; I had thoughts of suicide in ninth grade.
他們在身體上、心理上、情緒上凌虐我，我承認，九年級的時候我曾有過自殺的念頭。

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360 teamed up with a group of sociologists for a six-month scientific pilot study at the Wheatley School. 
《360全面視野》和一群社會學家合作，在威特利中學進行一項為期六個月的科學先驅研究，

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The goal: find out the prevalence of bullying and understand why it happens.
目標是發掘霸凌的普及度，並了解它為什麼會發生。

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The results stunned all of us, but first, how we got them.
研究結果讓我們都大吃一驚，但首先先來看我們是如何得到這些結果的。

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Sociologist Robert Faris and Diane Felmlee designed a pilot study surveying more than 700 kids four separate times during the semester.
社會學家羅伯特‧費利斯和黛安‧費安莉設計了一項先驅研究，在學期間分四次調查七百多名孩子。

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They were asked 28 specific questions, like: Did a student at your school pick on you or do something mean to you? 
他們被問到二十八個特定問題，像是：在學校裡有沒有學生找你麻煩，或對你做出惡劣的行為？

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Did you pick on or do something mean to another student at your school? 
你有沒有找學校其他學生麻煩，或對他們做出惡劣的行為？

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Victims of bullying are never hard to find. It's the bullies themselves who have in the past have been so elusive to researchers. 
霸凌的受害者絕對不難找，反而是那些霸凌加害者過去一直讓研究人員摸不著頭緒。

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Why are they so aggressive? How do they choose their victims? Our study not only found them, but answered many of those questions.
他們為什麼會這麼愛挑釁？他們是如何選擇被害者？我們的研究不僅找出加害者，更回答了這當中許多問題。

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I for years bullied a kid and made him feel bad. I feel terrible and I tried to stop myself from bullying.
我長年霸凌一個孩子，並讓他很難過，我感覺糟透了，而且我試過停止自己的霸凌行為。

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Teenagers are all insecure. We compensate by being mean and sizing ourselves up to other teenagers.
青少年都沒有安全感，我們藉由惡劣的行為作為補償，對其他青少年壯大自己的聲勢。

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The biggest shock? The study found that bullies, or what the sociologists term aggressors, are often also victims. 
最出乎意料的發現？研究發現那些霸凌加害者，或社會學家所稱的「侵略者」，通常也是受害者。

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Dr. Faris says the aggressive behavior is part of what he calls social combat.
費利斯博士表示，侵略性的行為是他所謂「社交戰鬥」的一部份。

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We have found that social status in the school hierarchy really predicts both aggression and victimization. 
我們發現學校結構中的社會地位，確實可預期看到侵略行為和受害行為這兩種。

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So when kids increase in their status, on average they tend to be... have a higher risk of victimization as well as a higher risk of becoming aggressive.
因此，當孩子增強他們的地位時，一般而言，他們更容易……有較高的受害風險，也有較高的風險變得具侵略性。

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You definitely do bully some people and at some stages, like, you do get bullied as well. So, I mean it's definitely, like, both. 
在某個階段，你絕對有霸凌一些人，同理，你也會遭到霸凌。因此，我想這絕對是共存的。

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Some of their experiences are heartbreaking. 
他們有些人的經歷讓人心痛。

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Josh says his two best friends turned on him in ninth grade to boost their own social status. 
喬許說，他在九年級的時候，他最好的兩個朋友背棄他，只為了抬高他們自己的社交地位，

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The abuse got so bad, he contemplated suicide.
那種傷害嚴重到讓喬許考慮自殺。

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Bridget says she was tormented so much about her weight, she developed an eating disorder.
布麗姬說她因為體重吃盡苦頭，甚至演變成飲食失調。

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It starts to build up and bad things start to happen. 
事態越來越嚴重，糟糕的事情開始發生。

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Whether you start cutting yourself, you kill yourself, you develop, like, an eating disorder, it's obsessive. It becomes obsessive.
不論是你開始割自己、還是自殺，還是得了像是飲食失調。它是強迫性的，它變得無法擺脫。

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Despite their tragic stories, you might be surprised to learn that they weren't just ranked as victims.
縱使他們有著悲慘的過去，你可能會驚訝地發現，他們不只被列為受害者而已。

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In fact, 56 percent of Wheatley students we surveyed were either aggressors, victims or both. 
事實上，在威特利中學接受調查的學生中，有百分之五十六的人要不是侵略者、受害者，就是兩者都是。

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The school district takes the issue very seriously, with anti-bullying programs that start in kindergarten and continue through senior year.
該學區相當嚴肅看待此議題，從幼稚園開始推動反霸凌計畫，一直延續到高三。

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The results of this study in a suburb of New York 
這項在紐約一處市郊進行的研究結果，

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mirror Faris' original study on this issue administered to thousands of teens in rural North Carolina. 
與費利斯最初以這項議題，在北卡羅萊納鄉間針對上千名青少年所做的研究結果不謀而合。

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The geography, economic and racial demographics couldn't be more different and still...
兩地的地理、經濟和種族分布差異極大，不過……

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The patterns were really strikingly similar. These are quite different communities. 
模式確實明顯相似，這兩個是相當迥異的社區。

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What that suggests to us is that these kinds of behaviors arise in a wide range of schools across the country regardless of the particular community makeup.
那告訴我們的是，不論特定的社群結構是什麼，這類行為在全國各地各類的學校都會出現。

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Meaning the intensity and causes of bullying at Wheatley are likely the same in high schools across America.
這代表威特利中學霸凌的程度和成因，可能在全美的中學都是這樣。