Dozens of people died from this year's E. coli outbreak in Europe. It could have been worse if not for the very latest medical technology. 好幾十個人因今年歐洲爆發的大腸桿菌疫情死亡，要不是這項最新的醫學科技，結果恐怕更嚴重。
The Personal Genome Machine was able to decode that special strain of E. coli in three days instead of two weeks. And it was all done at the fraction of a cost. 個人化操作基因組測序儀能在三天內破解特殊菌株的大腸桿菌，而不用到兩個禮拜，而且全程只需要花費些許成本。
Jonathan Rothberg is the inventor of the machine, and he now shares with us the personal motivation behind how he broke the mold. 強納森‧羅素伯格是該機器的發明人，他現在要與我們分享他創新發明背後的個人動機。
I'm Jonathan Rothberg and I invented the Personal Genome Machine. The Personal Genome Machine is a fast method to read DNA. 我是強納森‧羅素伯格，我發明了個人化操作基因組測序儀，這台機器提供了快速讀取 DNA 的方法。
The first map of the genome was done for [$]3 billion and it was 50 or more people come... collected together and we decoded what was common. 首次完成的基因圖譜耗資三十億美元，而且它收集了五十人以上的基因，再解讀相同的部份。
My vision was of something called personal medicine, where you would sequence an individual's genome and that individual, right at birth, 我的願景是一種稱為個人醫療的東西，你可以用它來做個人基因定序，就在那個人一出生的時候，
and we would be able to help that person through their whole life. 然後我們就能幫助他一輩子。
Now, I was motivated to sequence my son when he went to the newborn intensive care unit. 我是因為兒子進了新生兒加護病房而有了排序我兒子基因的念頭。
So that was breaking the mold because everybody said it's impossible, 這當時打破了一般人的成見，因為大家說這不可能做到，
that I needed a fast way to decode his genome, to have the code of life for my son, 我需要一個快速解讀他基因的方法來取得我兒子的生命密碼，
so I'd understand why he was in the emergency room and how best to treat his condition. 這樣我才能瞭解為什麼他會進加護病房，以及治療他病況的最好辦法。
And I created my first high-throughput sequencing company, and we were able to unravel a lot of mysteries that were based on DNA. 接著我創立自己第一家高產量的基因排序公司，我們能解開許多 DNA 相關的秘密。
I was talking to my son, how my machine had been used to do the first personal genome, and he said, Dad, you know, why don't you make a new reader? 那時我告訴我兒子我的儀器如何進行首次個人基因定序，然後他說，爸，你何不製造一個新的解讀器？
And I was telling him wouldn't it be better if you could tell what he was thinking or if you could like read his mind in some way? 我告訴他說，如果你能知道他在想什麼，或是你能透過某種方式解讀他的心智，那不是更好嗎？
And I had this moment when he said that, I said, my God, why don't I make a machine that reads chemistry? 他說那些話的時候，我有了這個念頭，我說，我的天，為什麼我不製作一台可以解讀化學物質的機器呢？
And I said, hey, my cell phone has a little chip in it. Why don't I make a chip that sees chemistry? 我說，對了，就像我的手機裡面有一塊小晶片，為什麼我不做一塊可以知曉化學物質的晶片呢？
And we were able to put the entire sequencing machine on a disposable chip. 後來我們想辦法將整個定序儀器建置在一個拋棄式晶片上。
And instead of taking weeks to get your results, you literally can take a specimen, 不用再耗費數週的時間才能獲得結果，你真的可以取一個樣本，
whether it's human or bacteria, put it on the chip, put it in the machine and two hours later, you have your result. 不論是人類或是細菌，將它放在晶片上，再放進機器中，兩小時後，你就可以獲得結果了。
This is a new age. People wouldn't... don't argue with you if you say sequencing will be as big as medical imaging. 這是一個新的時代。如果你說基因定序將會和醫學顯影一樣有龐大商機，人們並不會反駁。
It will be a $100 billion business. But the most important thing, it will save money. Right now, I'm sequencing on working with Life Technologies. 它將是一個千億產值的市場。但最重要的是，它可以省錢。現在，我正在和生命科技公司合作基因定序。
I feel very confident that the next decade, this decade, 我有十足信心，下一個十年、這個十年間，
will see us unraveling the genetic code of cancer and making drugs that turn it into a chronic disease. 將可以看見我們解開癌症的基因密碼，並且製造出將癌症轉化成慢性疾病的藥。
The highest level, it's personal. My daughter was diagnosed with a genetic disorder, tubular sclerosis. 最重要的是，這和我個人有關。我的女兒被診斷出有遺傳性疾病──管狀組織硬化。
She was six months old and a physician told me she may never speak. God forbid someone we love has cancer. 她現在六個月大，一位醫生告訴我她將來可能沒有辦法說話。但願上帝保佑我們愛的人不會罹患癌症。
I want them to be able to use diagnostics that came from Personal Genome Machine sequencing. 我希望他們能用得上個人化操作基因組測序儀定序得出的診斷。
So every day, I'm driven to make the world safer, better for the ones I love. 因此每一天，我都激勵自己要讓這個世界更安全、更美好，為了我愛的人們。